The effect of SiO2-NPs against Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to antibiotics in pathogen strains
The effect of SiO2-NPs on antibiotic-resistant bacteria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v12i4.2209Keywords:
Silicon Dioxide, Nanoparticles, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Cross InfectionAbstract
Objective: This study investigated the in vitro antibacterial activity of silica dioxide nanoparticles (SiO₂-NPs) against Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii, using reference strains and antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates.
Methods: SiO₂-NPs were synthesized using the sol–gel method and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Antibacterial activity was evaluated using disk diffusion, agar well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and bacterial survival kinetics assays. Clinical isolates were assessed for antibiotic susceptibility according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.
Results: The synthesized SiO₂-NPs had a mean particle size of 55.4 ± 2.8 nm. Disk diffusion inhibition zones for reference and clinical isolates were 13 ± 2.1 and 11 ± 1.3 mm for S. aureus and 9 ± 1.5 and 6 ± 2.1 mm for A. baumannii, respectively. Agar well diffusion produced corresponding inhibition zones of 16 ± 3.5 and 14 ± 1.9 mm for S. aureus and 12 ± 2.2 and 8 ± 2.5 mm for A. baumannii. The clinical A. baumannii isolate met the criteria for multidrug resistance. Survival assays demonstrated concentration- and time-dependent antibacterial effects, with 0.1 mg/mL producing the greatest inhibition over 60 minutes. Clinical isolates showed lower susceptibility than reference strains.
Conclusion: SiO₂-NPs demonstrated in vitro antibacterial activity, particularly against S. aureus. However, findings from clinical isolates are exploratory because only one isolate per species was examined. Further studies involving diverse clinical isolates, quantitative dose–response assessment, and cytotoxicity testing are required before clinical application.
References
Raoofi S, Pashazadeh Kan F, Rafiei S, Hosseinipalangi Z, Noorani Mejareh Z, Khani S, Abdollahi B, Seyghalani Talab F, Sanaei M, Zarabi F (2023) Global prevalence of nosocomial infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 18 (1): e0274248.
Haque M, Sartelli M, McKimm J, Bakar MA (2018) Health care-associated infections–an overview. Infection and drug resistance: 2321-2333.
Chinemerem Nwobodo D, Ugwu MC, Oliseloke Anie C, Al‐Ouqaili MT, Chinedu Ikem J, Victor Chigozie U, Saki M (2022) Antibiotic resistance: The challenges and some emerging strategies for tackling a global menace. Journal of clinical laboratory analysis 36 (9): e24655.
Serwecińska L (2020) Antimicrobials and antibiotic-resistant bacteria: a risk to the environment and to public health. Water 12 (12): 3313.
Brinkwirth S, Ayobami O, Eckmanns T, Markwart R (2021) Hospital-acquired infections caused by enterococci: A systematic review and meta-analysis, WHO European Region, 1 January 2010 to 4 February 2020. Eurosurveillance 26 (45): 2001628.
Abban MK, Ayerakwa EA, Mosi L, Isawumi A (2023) The burden of hospital acquired infections and antimicrobial resistance. Heliyon.
Peleg AY, Hooper DC (2010) Hospital-acquired infections due to gram-negative bacteria. New England Journal of Medicine 362 (19): 1804-1813.
Tong SY, Davis JS, Eichenberger E, Holland TL, Fowler Jr VG (2015) Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clinical microbiology reviews 28 (3): 603-661.
Linz MS, Mattappallil A, Finkel D, Parker D (2023) Clinical impact of Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections. Antibiotics 12 (3): 557.
Tuon FF, Suss PH, Telles JP, Dantas LR, Borges NH, Ribeiro VST (2023) Antimicrobial treatment of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Antibiotics 12 (1): 87.
Álvarez A, Fernández L, Gutiérrez D, Iglesias B, Rodríguez A, García P (2019) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals: Latest trends and treatments based on bacteriophages. Journal of clinical microbiology 57 (12): 10.1128/jcm. 01006-01019.
Tsouklidis N, Kumar R, Heindl SE, Soni R, Khan S (2020) Understanding the fight against resistance: hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus vs. community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Cureus 12 (6).
Antunes LC, Visca P, Towner KJ (2014) Acinetobacter baumannii: evolution of a global pathogen. Pathogens and disease 71 (3): 292-301.
Nocera FP, Attili A-R, De Martino L (2021) Acinetobacter baumannii: its clinical significance in human and veterinary medicine. Pathogens 10 (2): 127.
Ibrahim S, Al-Saryi N, Al-Kadmy IM, Aziz SN (2021) Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii as an emerging concern in hospitals. Molecular biology reports 48 (10): 6987-6998.
Gharaibeh MH, Abandeh YM, Elnasser ZA, Lafi SQ, Obeidat HM, Khanfar MA (2024) Multi-drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: Phenotypic and Genotypic Resistance Profiles and the Associated Risk Factors in Teaching Hospital in Jordan. Journal of Infection and Public Health.
Khan I, Saeed K, Khan I (2019) Nanoparticles: Properties, applications and toxicities. Arabian journal of chemistry 12 (7): 908-931.
Wang L, Hu C, Shao L (2017) The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles: present situation and prospects for the future. International journal of nanomedicine: 1227-1249.
AlTawaiha H, Alhomaidat F, Eljufout T (2023) A Review of the Effect of Nano-Silica on the Mechanical and Durability Properties of Cementitious Composites. Infrastructures 8 (9): 132.
Muhammud AM, Gupta NK (2022) Nanostructured SiO 2 material: synthesis advances and applications in rubber reinforcement. RSC advances 12 (29): 18524-18546.
Janjua TI, Cao Y, Kleitz F, Linden M, Yu C, Popat A (2023) Silica nanoparticles: A review of their safety and current strategies to overcome biological barriers. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews: 115115.
Nayl A, Abd-Elhamid A, Aly AA, Bräse S (2022) Recent progress in the applications of silica-based nanoparticles. RSC advances 12 (22): 13706-13726.
Zhang D-D, Hu S, Pan P-Y, Zhang M, Wu Q, Zhang Y-R, Zhou X-Q (2023) Preparation and antibacterial activity of mesoporous silica based on rice husk ash. LWT 185: 115145.
Saravanan S, Dubey R (2020) Synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles by sol-gel method and their optical and structural properties. Rom J Inf Sci Technol 23 (1): 105-112.
Raeisi M, Tajik H, Rohani SMR, Tepe B, Kiani H, Khoshbakht R, Aski HS, Tadrisi H Inhibitory effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil, alone and in combination with monolaurin, on Listeria monocytogenes. In: Veterinary Research Forum, 2016. vol 1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, p 7.
Muteeb G, Rehman MT, Shahwan M, Aatif M (2023) Origin of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and their impacts on drug development: A narrative review. Pharmaceuticals 16 (11): 1615.
Wu H-J, Xiao Z-G, Lv X-J, Huang H-T, Liao C, Hui C-Y, Xu Y, Li H-F (2023) Drug‑resistant Acinetobacterábaumannii: From molecular mechanisms to potential therapeutics. Experimental and therapeutic medicine 25 (5): 1-10.
Kukia NR, Rasmi Y, Abbasi A, Koshoridze N, Shirpoor A, Burjanadze G, Saboory E (2018) Bio-effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on human colorectal cancer and umbilical vein endothelial cell lines. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP 19 (10): 2821.
Kukia NR, Abbasi A, Froushani SMA (2018) Copper oxide nanoparticles stimulate cytotoxicity and apoptosis in glial cancer cell line. Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 17 (1): 105-111.
Pirali-Hamedani Z, Abbasi A, Hassan ZM (2022) Synthesis of artemether-loaded albumin nanoparticles and measurement of their anti-cancer effects. Biomedicines 10 (11): 2713.
Ahire SA, Bachhav AA, Pawar TB, Jagdale BS, Patil AV, Koli PB (2022) The Augmentation of nanotechnology era: A concise review on fundamental concepts of nanotechnology and applications in material science and technology. Results in Chemistry 4: 100633.
Joudeh N, Linke D (2022) Nanoparticle classification, physicochemical properties, characterization, and applications: a comprehensive review for biologists. Journal of Nanobiotechnology 20 (1): 262.
Babaei S, Bajelani F, Mansourizaveleh O, Abbasi A, Oubari F (2017) A study of the bactericidal effect of copper oxide nanoparticles on Shigella sonnei and Salmonella typhimurium. Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences 19 (11): 76-81.
Brett DW (2006) A discussion of silver as an antimicrobial agent: alleviating the confusion. Ostomy/wound management 52 (1): 34-41.
Sharmin S, Rahaman MM, Sarkar C, Atolani O, Islam MT, Adeyemi OS (2021) Nanoparticles as antimicrobial and antiviral agents: A literature-based perspective study. Heliyon 7 (3).
Godoy-Gallardo M, Eckhard U, Delgado LM, de Roo Puente YJ, Hoyos-Nogués M, Gil FJ, Perez RA (2021) Antibacterial approaches in tissue engineering using metal ions and nanoparticles: From mechanisms to applications. Bioactive Materials 6 (12): 4470-4490.
Abbasi A, Ghorban K, Nojoomi F, Dadmanesh M (2021) Smaller copper oxide nanoparticles have more biological effects versus breast cancer and nosocomial infections bacteria. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP 22 (3): 893.
Zhang S, Lin L, Huang X, Lu Y-G, Zheng D-L, Feng Y (2022) Antimicrobial properties of metal nanoparticles and their oxide materials and their applications in oral biology. Journal of Nanomaterials 2022.
Munir T, Mahmood A, Peter N, Rafaqat N, Imran M, Ali HE (2023) Structural, morphological and optical properties at various concentration of Ag doped SiO2-NPs via sol gel method for antibacterial and anticancer activities. Surfaces and Interfaces 38: 102759.
Jin S-E, Jin H-E (2021) Antimicrobial activity of zinc oxide nano/microparticles and their combinations against pathogenic microorganisms for biomedical applications: From physicochemical characteristics to pharmacological aspects. nanomaterials 11 (2): 263.
Huang Y, Li P, Zhao R, Zhao L, Liu J, Peng S, Fu X, Wang X, Luo R, Wang R (2022) Silica nanoparticles: Biomedical applications and toxicity. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 151: 113053.
Mammari N, Lamouroux E, Boudier A, Duval RE (2022) Current knowledge on the oxidative-stress-mediated antimicrobial properties of metal-based nanoparticles. Microorganisms 10 (2): 437.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
