Role of Breast Milk Secretory Immunoglobulin A in Infants from 7-12 Months of Age With Acute Gastroenteritis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v11i4.1883Keywords:
acute gastroenteritis, infants, sIgA, breast milkAbstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether secretory immunoglobulin A from breast milk has a protective effect on the intestinal epithelium and whether it influences the severity of clinical picture and the duration of symptoms of acute gastroenteritis, depending on the infant’s type of nutrition.
Methods: A total of 35 infants with acute gastroenteritis were divided into two groups based on feeding patterns (type of milk and non-milk food). Indicators evaluated included symptom severity, the need for parenteral rehydration, and the degree of dehydration.
Results: We found a statistically significant association between group affiliation and the sIgA test results between the first and second groups (p = 0.004933), as well as in the average value of sIgA in stool (p = 0.000788). Rotavirus was the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis.
Conclusions: The presence of breast milk sIgA in infants appears to influence the severity of acute gastroenteritis by reducing vomiting frequency, the number and severity of diarrheal episodes, the risk of moderate and severe dehydration, and the incidence of fever.
References
Sdiri-Loulizi K, Gharbi-Khélifi H, de Rougemont A, Chouchane S, Sakly N, Ambert-Balay K, et al. Acute infantile gastroenteritis associated with human enteric viruses in Tunisia. J Clin Microbiol, 2008; 46: 1349-1355. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02438-07.
Lauer JA, Betran AP, Barros AJ, de Onis M. Deaths and years of life lost due to suboptimal breast-feeding among children in the developing world: a global ecological risk assessment. Public Health Nutr 2006; 6: 673–685. doi: 10.1079/phn2005891.
Victoria CG, Smith PG, Vaughan JP, Nobre LC, Lombardi C, Teixeira AM, et al. Evidence for protection by breastfeeding against infant deaths from infectious diseases in Brazil. Lancet 1987; 2: 319-322. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)90902-0.
Filipovic D. Nutrition of health and sick children. Belgrade: Nauka, 1997: 75-97
Lawrence RA, Lawrence RM. Breastfeeding: A guide for the medical profession 6th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby, 2005; 91-145.
Chirico G, Marzollo R, Cortinovis S, Fonte C, Gasparoni A. Antiinfective properties of human milk. Journal Nutr 2008; 138: 1801S-1806S. doi: 10.1093/jn/138.9.1801S.
Newburg SD, Walker EA. Protection of the neonate by the innate immune system of developing gut and of human milk. Pediatr Res 2007; 61: 2-8. doi: 10.1203/01.pdr.0000250274.68571.18.
Johansson ME, Phillipson M, Petersson J, Velcich A, Holm L, Hansson GC. The inner of the two Muc2 mucin-dependent mucus layers in colon is devoid of bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008; 105: 15064–15069. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0803124105.
Rogier WE, Frantz AL, Bruno MEC, Maria EC, Kaetzel, SC. Secretory IgA is Concentrated in the Outer Layer of Colonic Mucus along with Gut Bacteria. Pathogens 2014; 3: 390–403. doi: 10.3390/pathogens3020390.
Mantis JN, Rol N, Corthésy B. Secretory IgA's Complex Roles in Immunity and Mucosal Homeostasis in the Gut. Mucosal Immunol 2011; 4: 603–611. doi: 10.1038/mi.2011.41.
Boullier S, Tanguy M, Kadaoui KA, Caubet C, Sansonetti P, Corthesy B, et al. Secretory IgA-mediated neutralization of Shigella flexneri prevents intestinal tissue destruction by down-regulating inflammatory circuits. J immunol 2009; 183: 5879–5885. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901838.
Frank NM, Lynch KF Uusitalo U, Yang ., Lönnrot M, Virtanen SM, et al. The relationship between breastfeeding and reported respiratory and gastrointestinal infection rates in young children. BMC Pediatr 2018; 19: 339. doi: 10.1186/s12887-019-1693-2.
Santos FS, Santos FCS, dos Santos LH, Leite AM, Mello DF. Breastfeeding and protection against diarrhea: an integrative review of literature. Einstein (Sao Paulo) 2015; 13: 435-440. doi: 10.1590/S1679-45082015RW3107.
Diallo AF, McGlothen-Bell K, Lucas R, Walsh S, Allen C, Henderson WA, et al. Feeding modes, duration, and diarrhea in infancy: Continued evidence of the protective effects of breastfeeding. Public Health Nurs 2020; 37: 155-160. doi: 10.1111/phn.12683.
Lamberti ML, Fischer Walker CL, Noiman A, Cesar V, Black ER. Breastfeeding and the risk for diarrhea morbidity and mortality. BMC Pub Health 2011; 11: S15. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-S3-S15.
Ladomenou F, Moschandreas J, Kafatos A, Tselentis Y, Galanakis E. Protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding against infections during infancy: a prospective study. Arch Dis Child 2010; 95: 1004-1008. doi: 10.1136/adc.2009.169912.
Bridgman SL, Konya T, Azad MB, Sears MR, Becker AB, Turvey SE, et al. Infant gut immunity: a preliminary study of IgA associations with breastfeeding. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2016; 7: 68-72. doi: 10.1017/S2040174415007862.
Maruyama K, Hida M, Kohgo T, Fukunaga Y. Changes in salivary and fecal secretory IgA in infants under different feeding regimens. PediatR Int 2009; 51: 342-345. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2008.02748.x.
Misra S, Sabui KT, Basu S, Pal N. A Prospective Study of Rotavirus Diarrhea in Children Under 1 Year of Age. Clin. Pediatr (Phila) 2007; 46: 683-688. doi: 10.1177/0009922807300700.
Duffy LC, Byers TE, Riepenhoff-Talty M, La Scolea LJ, Zielezny M, Ogra PL. The Effects of Infant Feeding on Rotavirus-Induced Gastroenteritis: A Prospective Study.” Am J of Public Health 1986; 76: 259-263. doi: 10.2105/ajph.76.3.259.
Sherif LS, Abdel Raouf RK, El Sayede RM, El Wakkadd AS, Shoaib AR, Ali HM. Glutathione Transferase as a Potential Marker for Gut Epithelial Injury versus the Protective Role of Breast Milk sIgA in Infants with Rota Virus Gastroenteritis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2015; 3: 676–680. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2015.125.
Fuchs SC, Victora CG, Martines J. Case-control Study of Risk of Dehydrating Diarrhoea in Infants in Vulnerable Period After Full Weaning. BMJ 1996; 313: 391-394. doi: 10.1136/bmj.313.7054.391.
Weinberg RJ, Tipton G, Klish WJ, Brown MR. Effect of Breast-Feeding on Morbidity in Rotavirus Gastroenteritis. Pediatrics 1984; 74: 250-253.
Goldman AS, Garza C, Nichols LB, Goldblum MR. Immunologic factors in human milk during the first year of lactation. J Pediatr 1982; 100: 563-567. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(82)80753-1.
Cruz JR, Arévalo C. Fluctuation of Specific IgA Antibodies in Human Milk. Acta Paediatr Scand 1985; 74: 897-903. 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1985.tb10055.x.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
