The Evaluation of basic and neurohormonal parameters in hot or cold temperament person proposed in Iranian Traditional Medicine: an observational study

Hot and cold temperaments in Iranian Traditional Medicine

Authors

  • Gholamreza Mohammadi Farsani Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
  • Mohsen Naseri Iranian Traditional Medicine Clinical trial Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
  • Saeed Hosseini Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Ali Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Mohammad Kamalinejad Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Taiebeh Mohammadi Farsani Department of Medical Biotechnology , Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran, Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
  • Ahmadreza Dorosti Motlagh School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Mina Movahhed Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v6i4.709

Abstract

Objective: Much of energy for life sustainment is consumed as the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). Temperament is one of the core concepts in Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM). The aim of this study is to assess the BMR and activity of the sympathetic-parasympathetic nervous system and thyroid function in hot and cold temperament people. Our study is a repeated cross-sectional study that was implemented in two stages of 45 healthy volunteers.

Methods: BMR was evaluated by indirect calorimetry. Thyroid function, sympathetic-parasympathetic nervous system activity, body composition, and nutrition status were also evaluated. We used an independent T-test for data analysis by SPSS ver. 16.

Results: Overall, 45 patients aged 18-40 participated in this study. Our results showed that the mean of BMRs were respectively 1664.09 kcals and 1909.48 kcals in cold and hot temperament individuals (P<0.3). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate peripheral temperature of individuals with hot temperament were significantly higher (P<0.05), While no statistically significant difference was seen in norepinephrine to epinephrine ratio, norepinephrine to cortisol ratio and core temperature. T3 and TSH levels were respectively 1.99 and 1.26 in cold temperament individuals and 1.38 and 1.40 in hot temperament individuals (P<0.05).

Conclusion: It shows signs that there is a relationship between the BMR and neurohormonal system and body temperament meaning cold temperament people have lower BMR, sympathetic nervous system activity and thyroid function in comparison to others. Body health is negatively affected by BMR fluctuations. With regarding to this correspondence, the arrangement of a pattern for better BMR regulation is crucial.

References

References:
1. McMurray RG, Soares J, Caspersen CJ, McCurdy T. Examining variations of resting metabolic rate of adults: a public health perspective. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2014;46(7):1352.
2. Manini TM. Energy expenditure and aging. Ageing research reviews. 2010;9(1):1-11.
3. Carol D, Rachel K, Mahan L. Escott Stump S. Krause’s food & nutrition therapy 12e. Canada: Saunders EI-Sevier; 2008.
4. White CR, Kearney MR. Determinants of inter-specific variation in basal metabolic rate. Journal of Comparative physiology B. 2013;183(1):1-26.
5. Swanson DL, McKechnie AE, Vézina F. How low can you go? An adaptive energetic framework for interpreting basal metabolic rate variation in endotherms. Journal of Comparative Physiology B. 2017:1-18.
6. Feng P, Zhao H, Lu X. Evolution of mitochondrial DNA and its relation to basal metabolic rate. Mitochondrial Dna. 2015;26(4):566-71.
7. McCrory P, Strauss B, Wahlqvist ML. Energy balance, food intake and obesity. Exercise and obesity London: Smith Gordon. 1994:115-30.
8. SL. J. Alaghraz Altebieh and Mabahes Allaeieh. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran2005.
9. Khorasani SA. Kholasatol Hekmah. Medicine 1st vol Qom: Ismaielian. 2006:52-146.
10. Sina AI. Al-Qanun fi al-tibb2005.
11. Zhou X, Mao D, Luo J, Wu J, Zhuo Q, Li Y. Study of Basal metabolic rate of 81 young adults aged 20-29 years old in Changsha. Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]. 2017;51(7):642-6.
12. Ali N, Mahmood S, Manirujjaman M, Perveen R, Nahid A, Ahmed S, et al. Hypertension prevalence and influence of basal metabolic rate on blood pressure among adult students in Bangladesh. BMC public health. 2018;18(1):58.
13. Boratyński JS, Jefimow M, Wojciechowski MS. Individual differences in the phenotypic flexibility of basal metabolic rate in Siberian hamsters are consistent on short-and long-term timescales. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology. 2017;90(2):139-52.
14. Lee HJ, Yang SJ. Aging-Related Correlation between Serum Sirtuin 1 Activities and Basal Metabolic Rate in Women, but not in Men. Clinical nutrition research. 2017;6(1):18-26.
15. Anthanont P, Jensen MD. Does basal metabolic rate predict weight gain? The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2016;104(4):959-63.
16. Maximov AL, Belkin VS, Kalichman L, Kobyliansky ED. Adaptive Changes in Basal Metabolic Rate in Humans in Different Eco-Geographical Areas. Collegium antropologicum. 2015;39(4):887-92.
17. Nilsson JF, Nilsson JÃ…. Fluctuating selection on basal metabolic rate. Ecology and evolution. 2016;6(4):1197-202.
18. Rezadoost H, Karimi M, Jafari M. Proteomics of hot-wet and cold-dry temperaments proposed in Iranian traditional medicine: a Network-based Study. Scientific reports. 2016;6:30133.
19. Parvinroo S, Kamalinejad M, Sabetkasaei M. Pharmacological Concepts of Temperament in Iranian Traditional Medicine. Iranian journal of public health. 2014;43(10):1463-5.
20. Emami M, Nazarinia MA, Rezaeizadeh H, Zarshenas MM. Standpoints of traditional Persian physicians on geriatric nutrition. Journal of evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine. 2014;19(4):287-91.
21. Parvinroo S, Naghibi F, Zahediasl S, Kamalinejad M, Sabetkasaei M. The effects of seeds with hot and cold temperaments on serum thyroid hormones, corticosterone and urine vanillylmandelic acid concentrations of healthy rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2014;156:216-21.
22. Rezaeizadeh H, Alizadeh M, Naseri M, Ardakani MS. The Traditional Iranian Medicine Point of View on Health and. Iranian J Publ Health. 2009;38(1):169-72.
23. Alizadeh M, Khadem E, Aliasl J. Diagnosis protocol of stomach distemperament for clinical practice in iranian traditional medicine: A narrative review. Iranian journal of public health. 2017;46(7):877.
24. Zeinalian M, Eshaghi M, Hadian M, Naji H, Marandi SMM, Asgary S. Eight essential foods in Iranian traditional medicine and their role in health promotion and well-being. International journal of preventive medicine. 2017;8.
25. Miraj S, Alesaeidi S, Kiani S. A systematic review of the relationship between dystemprament (sue Mizaj) and treatments and management of diseases (Ilaj and Eslah-e-Mizaj). Electronic physician. 2016;8(12):3378.
26. Kopaei R, Khajegir A, Kiani S. The Association between Dystemperament and Prevention of Diseases: A Systematic Review. Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR. 2016;10(9):YE01.
27. Farsani GM, Movahhed M, Motlagh AD, Hosseini S, Yunesian M, Farsani TM, et al. Is the Iranian Traditional Medicine warm and cold temperament related to Basal Metabolic Rate and activity of the sympathetic-parasympathetic system? Study protocol. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders. 2014;13(1):74.
28. Shahabi S, Hassan ZM, Mahdavi M, Dezfouli M, Rahvar MT, Naseri M, et al. Hot and Cold natures and some parameters of neuroendocrine and immune systems in traditional Iranian medicine: a preliminary study. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2008;14(2):147-56.
29. Mojahedi M, Naseri M, Majdzadeh R, Keshavarz M, Ebadini M, Nazem E, et al. Reliability and validity assessment of Mizaj questionnaire: a novel self-report scale in Iranian traditional medicine. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal. 2014;16(3).
30. Compher C, Frankenfield D, Keim N, Roth-Yousey L, Group EAW. Best practice methods to apply to measurement of resting metabolic rate in adults: a systematic review. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2006;106(6):881-903.

Downloads

Published

2020-08-26

How to Cite

Mohammadi Farsani, G., Naseri, M., Hosseini, S., Saboor-Yaraghi, A. A., Kamalinejad, M., Mohammadi Farsani, T., Dorosti Motlagh, A., & Movahhed, M. (2020). The Evaluation of basic and neurohormonal parameters in hot or cold temperament person proposed in Iranian Traditional Medicine: an observational study: Hot and cold temperaments in Iranian Traditional Medicine. Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences, 6(4), 176–180. https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v6i4.709