Nanotube synthesis from reaction of 4-chloro phenoxy acetate with zinc layered hydroxide

Abstract

Objective Intercalations of plant growth regulator 4-chloro phenoxy acetate (4CPA) with zinc oxide (ZnO), developed using ZnO-layeredhydroxide (ZLH) as host material and 4CPA as a guest.Methods Ion exchange technique via sol-gel method synthesized under aqueous environment, resulted in the formation of inorganic–organic nanotube materials.Results The release of 4CPA from its nanohybrid was found to occur in a controlled manner, governed by pseudo-second order kineticsmodel. The maximum amount of 4CPA released was governed by pseudo-second order kinetics model. Powder X-ray diffraction showedthat the basal spacing of the nanohybrid was developed with the increasing of 4CPA concentrations; the maximum concentration of 0.2Mshows an interlayer basal of 1.9 nm. FTIR study showed that the intercalated 4CPA-ZnO spectral feature is generally similar to that of 4CPA,but with bands sightly shifted due to the formation of host–guest nano tubes.Conclusion The resulted nano tubes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electronicmicroscope (TEM), shows a uniform nanoparticles and monodisperse with average diameter of 35 nm, which correlated a very well withsize scale obtained from XRD data. The development of crystals is the function of concentrations.